Python’s Fabric module makes automation easy. This post shows how to use a Fabric script to backup a WordPress installation, but could be used for most LAMP backup situations!
Goals of this Post:
Python’s Fabric module is an easy and efficient way for task based automation. I use it to automate the installation of VoIP phone systems on CentOS 6/7. In a nut shell, Fabric executes shell commands over SSH. It also can be used to automate local tasks. The purpose of this article is to highlight the basic process of capturing Fabric exceptions(try/except) using a wrapper function called a decorator. A few well placed decorators can save lot of time coding the same thing over and over(like capturing a specific error).
Most of you in the know about Python/Fabric probably will find my examples trivial, but I had to dig to find the Fabric exception environment variable. I’m sure it’s somewhere on the Fabric site… but I gave up after 30 minutes. So hopefully you will find this post useful either way!
If you need help installing Python3, pip3 and Fabric please refer to my previous post.
Goals of this Post:
Lets start with a basic fabfile.py:
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#!/bin/python3 from fabric.api import * from fabric.contrib import files # Local git management automation tools # copyright Matt Birkland, Savelono.com 2017 # License: GPLv2 # # # Set the username env.user = "matt" # Set the password [NOT RECOMMENDED] env.password = "" env.hosts = "" def test_func(): local("mkdir ~matt/git/savelono-projects/exception_wrapper/somedir") |
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#!/bin/python3 from fabric.api import * from fabric.contrib import files # Local git managment automation tools # copyright matt birkland, Savelono.com 2017 # License: GPLv2 # # # Set the username env.user = "git" # Set the password [NOT RECOMMENDED] env.password = "" env.hosts = "10.1.10.10" class FabricException(Exception): pass env.abort_exception = FabricException # # newgit pseudo code # ------------ # # - Prompt for name of newcode # - Prompt for install directory # - Test that directory starts with / # - Test for tailing / & remove it # - Display Git Repo build info # - Test to see if project already exsist # - Create git folder and intialize # - Clone to local folder of choice # #------------------------------------------ def newgit(): while True: git_name = input("Please enter name. Example, 'myproject' :") if not git_name: print("You must enter a name. Please try again or quit(ctrl-c).") print() continue else: break print() print() print("Current ~/git/ tree:") print("----------------------------------------------------") local("ls -al ~/git") print("----------------------------------------------------") print() while True: git_dir = input("Please enter folder(default ~/git). Example, '/home/matt/software' :") if not git_dir: git_dir = "~/git" break # check for slash as first character in valid unix directory elif git_dir[:1] != "/" and git_dir[:1] != "~": print("ERROR: {}/{}".format(git_dir,git_name)) print("Please enter valid directory path. Example, '/home/matt/git/somedir' or ~/git/somedir.") continue # check for trailing slash and remove it elif git_dir[-1:] == "/": git_dir = git_dir[:-1] break else: break print("====================================================") print(" Git Server info") print("---------------------------") print("Git Server: {}".format(env.hosts)) print("Git User: {}".format(env.user)) print("Git Project: {}:/git/{}.git".format(env.hosts,git_name)) print() print(" Git Local info") print("---------------------------") print("Git Poject name: {}".format(git_name)) print("Git Directory: {}/{}".format(git_dir,git_name)) print("=====================================================") print() print() while True: this_ok = input("Is this correct? ('yes' or 'no') :") if this_ok == "yes": try: with settings(warn_only=False): check = run("mkdir ~/code/{}.git".format(git_name)) print() print() break except FabricException: print("Git repo already in use! Please run again and select a different name for the git project") print() exit(1) elif this_ok == "no": print("Exiting...") exit() else: print() print("=====================================================") print(" Please Enter 'yes' or 'no'. Lowercase only please. ") print("=====================================================") print() continue # Intialize Git directory try: with settings(warn_only=False): intialize_git = run("git init --bare ~/code/{}.git".format(git_name)) print() print("Remote Git repo configured!") print() print() except FabricException: print("Unknown error") print() exit(1) # Create Project directory try: with settings(warn_only=False): clone_git = local("mkdir {}".format(git_dir)) print() print() except FabricException: print("Directory exist already!") print() # Clone Git repo try: with settings(warn_only=False) and lcd("{}".format(git_dir)): clone_git = local("git clone git@10.1.10.10:/git/{}.git".format(git_name)) print() print("Git repo cloned to {}/{}!".format(git_dir,git_name)) print() exit(1) except FabricException: print("Unknown error") print() exit(1) |
Git has changed my life. I’m not exaggerating. I work with a lot of ‘one off’ scripts (BASH, PHP, and Python). They are spread out among systems and developed from my workstation and(sometimes) laptop. I spent 15 years keeping multiple versions and copies of the same scripts spread between systems. Looking back it seems Crazy!
While I’ve known about Git for years, but I had no idea how badly I needed it until I interviewed for a contract and the interviewer repeatedly mentioned Git as a crucial part of their development process. I admitted to him that I didn’t use it, but I would set it up myself and answer his questions in the next interview. I installed it and set out to learn the centralized Git workflow(similar to SVN; one master setup). There are other workflows and I recommend taking a look at this post if you are curious: https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/comparing-workflows
Goals of this Post:
As the age of the netbook arises; the ability to provision Operating Systems over the network becomes highly useful. More and more these days, it’s less common to see CD/DVD ROM drives in laptops. In my particular situation my laptop DVD-ROM drive failed. This prompted me to embark on journey of sleepless nights, sifting through bad information and countless hours of ‘trial & error’ troubleshooting to make Windows 7 install from PXE boot server.
When I first started this project I had no idea what I was getting into or how difficult and poorly documented the PXE remote installation process is. I imagined that I would use some kind RAM disk to load an ISO image of a Windows CD. However, the process to boot an ISO image varies greatly between Operating Systems and Windows versions. So if you plan to install Windows XP or Linux using this tutorial… you will fail. This Tutorial is step by step for installing Windows 7(only) from a Fedora 10 provisioning server. This tutorial assumes you have basic Linux, Windows, and Networking knowledge.
Goals of this post:
– Configure Linux Provisioning Server
– Prepare installation media and installation files
– Boot from PXE to Windows PE 2.0
– Install Windows 7 over Network